Dab tsi yog surfactant?

Surfactantsyog cov sib xyaw uas tuaj yeem txo cov nro lossis cuam tshuam txog kev ua kua thiab roj thiab kua thiab kua. Cov qauv molecular ntawm surfactants yog amphiphilic: ib qho kawg yog ib pab hydrophilic thiab lwm qhov kawg yog ib pab hydrochobic; Cov pab pawg hydrophilic yog ntau pab pawg polar, xws li pawg carboxylic, amino lossis cov ntsev, kuj tseem tuaj yeem siv ua cov pab pawg hydrophilic; Thaum pab pawg hydrophobic yog feem ntau tsis-polar hydrocarbon saw, xws li hydrocarbon saw nrog ntau tshaj 8 cov atoms. Surfactants tau muab faib ua Ionic surfactants (suav nrog Cationic Surfactants, Amphoic Surfactants, compound surfactants, lwm yam surfactants, thiab lwm yam.

Cov Qauv Tshuaj

Surfactant Molecules muaj amphiphilicity tshwj xeeb: ib qho kawg yog ib pab pawg hydroughilic, uas yog ib pab pawg hydroughile, xws li -oh, -so3h, -so --h2. Vim tias cov pab pawg no luv luv hauv qhov ntev, nws qee zaum tau hu ua hydrophilic taub hau. Lwm qhov kawg yog ib pab pawg tsis yog-ripophilic, tseem hu ua ib pab pawg hydropobic lossis cov pab pawg dej, xws li r- (AR- (Aryl). Vim tias hom pawg no yog luv luv, nws qee zaum cov lus hu ua Hydrophobic Tail. Ob hom cov pawg molecular nrog cov qauv sib txawv thiab cov khoom yog nyob ntawm ob qho tib si ntawm cov qauv tshuaj hydroymule thiab lipophilic, tab sis tsis thoob hydrophilic lossis lipophilic. Qhov qauv tshwj xeeb no ntawmsurfactantsFeem ntau yog hu ua qauv Amphiphilic ", thiab surfactant molecules yog yog li no feem ntau hu ua" amphiphilic lwg ".